COUNTRY OVERVIEW
Head of State: President Jorge Sampaio (since 1996; re-elected in 2001)
Prime Minister: José Manuel Durão Barroso (elected March 2002)
Independence: 1143; from Spain 1640 (republic proclaimed October 5, 1910)
Capital City: Lisbon
Population (2002E): 10 million
Location/Size: Southwestern Europe, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Spain/92,391 sq km (slightly smaller than Indiana)
Language: Portuguese
Religion: Roman Catholic 97%, Protestant denominations 1%, other 2%

ECONOMIC OVERVIEW
Finance Minister: Maria Manuela Dias Ferreira Leite
Currency: Euro
Exchange Rate (June 2, 2003): 1 US Dollar = 0.854 Euros
Gross Domestic Product (GDP, nominal, 2002E): $121.3 billion
Real GDP Growth Rate (2002E): 0.5% (2003F): 0.4%
Inflation Rate (consumer prices, 2002E): 3.6% (2003F): 2.9%
Unemployment Rate (2002E): 5.0%
Merchandise Exports (2002E): $25.6 billion
Merchandise Imports (2002E): $38.4 billion
Major Trading Partners: Germany, Spain, France, United Kingdom
Major Export Products: textiles, footwear, leather goods, machinery and transport equipment, wood and cork, agricultural goods and foodstuffs
Major Import Products: Machinery and appliances, agricultural products and byproducts, chemical and plastic products, land transport equipment, mineral products

ENERGY OVERVIEW
Minister of the Economy: Carlos Manuel Tavares da Silva
Proven Oil Reserves: None
Crude Oil Production (2002E): None
Oil Consumption (2002E): 351,000 (bbl/d)
Crude Oil Refining Capacity (1/1/03E): 304,172 bbl/d
Natural Gas Reserves: None
Natural Gas Consumption (2001E): 90 billion cubic feet
Coal Reserves (2001E): 40 million short tons (Mmst)(no longer mined)
Coal Consumption (2001E): 6.7 Mmst
Coal Production (2001): None since 1994
Electric Generation Capacity (2001E): 10.3 gigawatts
Electricity Generation (2001E): 44.3 billion kilowatthours (thermal 64.5%; hydro 31.4%; biomass, geothermal, solar, and wind 4.1%)
Electricity Consumption (2001E): 41.5 billion kilowatthours

ENVIRONMENTAL OVERVIEW
Minister for Cities, Environment and Planning: Amilcar Teias
Total Energy Consumption (2001E): 1.1 quadrillion Btu* (0.3% of world total energy consumption)
Energy-Related Carbon Emissions (2001E): 16.25 million metric tons of carbon (0.3% of world total carbon emissions)
Per Capita Energy Consumption (2001E): 108.6 million Btu (vs. U.S. value of 341.8 million Btu)
Per Capita Carbon Emissions (2001E): 1.62 metric tons of carbon (vs. U.S. value of 5.5 metric tons of carbon)
Energy Intensity (2001E): 8,251 Btu/$1995** (vs U.S. value of 10,736 Btu/$1995)
Carbon Intensity (2001E): 0.12 metric tons of carbon/thousand $1995** (vs. U.S. value of 0.17 metric tons/thousand $1995)
Fuel Share of Energy Consumption (2001E): Oil (64%), Coal (11%), Natural Gas (9%) Hydro (13%) Other renewable (3%)
Fuel Share of Carbon Emissions (2001E): Oil (73%), Coal (18%), Natural Gas (9%)
Status in Climate Change Negotiations: Annex I country under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (ratified December 21st, 1993). Signatory to the Kyoto Protocol (signed April 29th, 1998 and ratified May 31, 2002).
Major Environmental Issues: Soil erosion; air pollution caused by industrial and vehicle emissions and water pollution (especially in coastal areas).
Major International Environmental Agreements: A party to Conventions on Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83 and Wetlands. Has signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Environmental Modification, Nuclear Test Ban, Tropical Timber 94.

* The total energy consumption statistic includes petroleum, dry natural gas, coal, net hydro, nuclear, geothermal, solar, wind, wood and waste electric power. The renewable energy consumption statistic is based on International Energy Agency (IEA) data and includes hydropower, solar, wind, tide, geothermal, solid biomass and animal products, biomass gas and liquids, industrial and municipal wastes. Sectoral shares of energy consumption and carbon emissions are also based on IEA data.
**GDP based on EIA International Energy Annual 2001

Sources for this report include: BBC Worldwide Monitoring; CIA World Factbook; Diario de Noticias; Global Insight; Economist; Economist Intelligence Unit; Electricidade de Portugal; Europe Information Service; European Union; Financial Times; International Energy Agency; Petroleum Economist; Petrogal; U.S. Energy Information Administration.