Ammonia Fuel Network Introduction

May 27, 2010- Ammonia Fuel Network

Mission: To promote the implementation of anhydrous ammonia as an affordable, sustainable, carbon-free fuel for transportation and stationary power applications, thereby enhancing economic security, reducing fossil-fuel dependence, and helping save the environment.

Anhydrous ammonia is an ultra-clean, energy-dense alternative liquid fuel. Ammonia is the only fuel other than hydrogen that produces no greenhouse gases (GHG) on combustion. Ammonia will power diesel and spark-ignited internal combustion engines, direct ammonia fuel cells, and even combustion turbines. And, ammonia can be manufactured from simply water and air using clean renewable energy.

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The first utilization of liquid anhydrous ammonia as a fuel for motor-buses took place in Belgium during the year 1943. The motor-bus fleet logged thousands of miles during WWII with no difficulties.

The X-15 rocket plane set speed and altitude records in the 1960s powed by anhydrous ammonia fuel.

Clipper Windpower 2.5 MW turbines in background with liquid anhydrous ammonia (NH3) nitrogen fertilizer “nurse tanks ”, 1000 gallons each. Wind-generated electricity can be locally converted to NH3 for fertilizer and fuel, without expansion of the electricity transmission grid.

Existing ammonia (NH3) pipelines and storage terminals [11 ]. Storage is in refregerated, liquid, above-ground steel tanks of 10–60,000 tons each. The pipeline is 8-10 inch diameter, constructed of plain carbon steel, with a total length of approximately 3000 miles, with regularly spaced pump stations.

Hydrogen density and higher heating value (HHV) energy content of ammonia and selected liquid hydrocarbon fuels. DME = dimethyl ether and EME = ethyl methyl ether.